Hardwwod & Softwood Grade Definitions While these grading definitions are generally accepted nationwide, always inspect the wood you buy closely to determine its appropriateness for the intended use!
Hardwood Lumber Grading
FAS - Highest grade in hardwood lumber. FAS graded boards must be at least 6"-wide and 8'-long. FAS boards have to yield 83 1/3% in the defined clear face cuttings. FAS graded wood is commonly used for molding and millwork.
1C - Number 1 common is the "cutting" grade of hardwood lumber, often used in furniture and cabinetry. Number 1 common boards must yield 66 2/3% in the designated clear face cuttings.
2C - Number 2 common boards must yield 50% in the designated cuttings. In 2A grade, cuttings must be clear; 2B grade allows sound (tight knots etc.) cuttings. #2 grades are often used in cabinets, flooring and some furniture.
3A - Another hardwood grade used primarily in flooring, furniture frames and pallets. 3A must yield 33 1/3% in the designated cuttings.
2C and Better - the entire grade mix of all Number 2 common and FAS the log will yield.
WHAD - Worm holes with a defect
WHND - Worm holes (unlimited) no defect
Hardwood Lumber Sizes
4/4 - 1" thick.
5/4 - 1 1/4" thick.
6/4 - 1 1/2" thick.
8/4 - 2" thick
Softwood Lumber Grades
No. 1 (Construction) - Moderate-sized tight knots. Takes paint well. Often used for cornice, paneling, siding, shelving, and some furniture.
No. 2 (Standard) - Knots are larger and more numerous. Takes paint reasonably well and has uses similar to No. 1.
No. 3 (Utility) - Splits and knotholes present. Does not paint well. Used for crates, sheathing, subflooring and small (usually hidden) furniture parts.
No. 4 (Economy) - Numerous splits, knotholes and large waste areas. Does not take paint well and often relegated to sheathing, subflooring and concrete form work.
No. 5 (Economy) - Larger waste areas and coarser defects. Does not take paint and has applications similar to No. 5.
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